PyGambit

The Gambit Python package, pygambit, is available on PyPI and can be installed with pip:

pip install pygambit

For newcomers to Gambit, we recommend reading through the PyGambit tutorials, which demonstrate the API’s key capabilities for analyzing and solving Game Theory games. These tutorials are available to be run interactively as Jupyter notebooks, see How to run PyGambit tutorials on your computer. All of the tutorials assume a basic knowledge of programming in Python.

Tutorials 1-3 assume no prior knowledge of Game Theory or the PyGambit API and provide detailed explanations of the concepts and code.

• 1) Getting started with Gambit
  • Creating a strategic form game
  • Creating games from arrays
  • Computing the Nash equilibria in one line of code
  • Saving and reading strategic form games to and from file
• 2) Extensive form games
  • Saving and reading extensive form games to and from file
• 3) A one-card poker game with private information
  • Information sets
  • Computing and interpreting Nash equilibria
  • Acceptance criteria for Nash equilibria
  • Representation of numerical data of a game

Tutorials 4-5 assume some familiarity with the PyGambit API and Game Theory terminology and concepts including:

• Nash equilibria

• Pure and mixed strategies

• Simplex representations of available strategies

• Logit quantal response equilibrium (LQRE) correspondence

• 4) Generating starting points for algorithms
• 5) Quantal response equilibria
• 6) Using Gambit with OpenSpiel
  • OpenSpiel game library
  • Normal form games from the OpenSpiel library
  • Normal form games created with Gambit
  • Extensive form games from the OpenSpiel library
  • Extensive form games created with Gambit

You may also wish to read:

• How to run PyGambit tutorials on your computer
• Using external programs to compute Nash equilibria

Algorithms for computing Nash equilibria

Interfaces to algorithms for computing Nash equilibria are provided in pygambit.nash. The table below summarizes the available PyGambit functions and the corresponding Gambit CLI commands.

CLI command	PyGambit function
gambit-enumpure	pygambit.nash.enumpure_solve()
gambit-enummixed	pygambit.nash.enummixed_solve()
gambit-lp	pygambit.nash.lp_solve()
gambit-lcp	pygambit.nash.lcp_solve()
gambit-liap	pygambit.nash.liap_solve()
gambit-logit	pygambit.nash.logit_solve()
gambit-simpdiv	pygambit.nash.simpdiv_solve()
gambit-ipa	pygambit.nash.ipa_solve()
gambit-gnm	pygambit.nash.gnm_solve()

API documentation

• API documentation
  • Representation of games
  • Representation of strategic behavior
  • Computation on supports
  • Computation of Nash equilibria
  • Computation of quantal response equilibria